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Why is aerogel the top insulation material today and in the future?
Release time:
2021-06-07 13:06
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Silica aerogel composite insulation material can well inhibit the above three ways of heat conduction.
The size of the solid thermal conductivity, from the perspective of insulation materials, is only related to the inherent thermal conductivity of the material itself and the density of the material. In order to reduce the density of the material, the general insulation materials are used to make the pores. The porous silica aerogel composite insulation material developed by our company has achieved the ultimate in this regard; the porosity of the material accounts for more than 90% of the overall volume, so the material density is extremely low, only about 1/4 of water.
However, because most insulation materials contain a large number of pores, the convective heat conduction of the gas contained in the pores becomes a key heat conduction path. According to the study, convective heat conduction is only related to gas properties and pore size. Different thermal insulation materials use different methods to reduce the convective heat conduction of the material. For example, a polyurethane foam material is filled with a freon gas having a thermal conductivity 1/3 that of air in the pores, thereby obtaining a superior thermal insulation property. However, because it can seriously destroy the ozone layer has been replaced by carbon dioxide, etc., however, carbon dioxide, etc. as a filled polyurethane material, there will be a problem of high thermal conductivity. This material takes another way, that is, to reduce the pore diameter to reduce the thermal conductivity of the air in the pores. This material is produced by a special process in which the average diameter of the pores is only 50-60 nm, which is about 1‰ the diameter of a hair, while the average free path of air molecules is about 70 nm. In such a small gap, the air can hardly flow, thereby suppressing the convective heat conduction of the air.
In addition, due to the existence of a large number of tiny holes, the material has almost an infinite number of hole walls, and these hole walls can be regarded as reflective and refractive surfaces of radiation. A millimeter thickness of this material contains tens of thousands of layers of reflective and refractive surfaces, which is a good barrier to radiation and heat conduction. At the same time, in order to better suppress the radiation heat conduction of the material, this material adds some nano-scale anti-radiation substances, which can reflect/absorb thermal radiation well. Therefore, this material also has a good inhibitory effect on radiation and heat conduction.
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