The refrigeration and heating of air conditioning account for approximately 12% of global energy consumption annually. Although traditional insulation materials and related heating and cooling equipment have been adopted, there is an urgent need to develop new thermal regulating materials and technologies with non energy or low energy consumption.

Radiation regulation is an efficient way. However, biocompatibility and versatility have very high requirements for materials. At the same time, the complex preparation process and multi-layer structure design also limit the application of radiation regulated materials. Therefore, it is crucial to design and manufacture thermal regulating materials reasonably.

In previous work, superhydrophobic bionic melanosome like graded nanospheres fabric composed of Polypyrrole and perfluorodecyltriethoxysilane has been designed on the surface of the fabric through reverse polymerization, realizing the application of human thermal management temperature regulation and photothermal evaporation. However, there are still shortcomings in terms of material stability and seasonal adaptability to temperature regulation. Based on this, a Janus structure Aerogel composed of photothermal MXene CNF layer and CNF layer was designed by means of freeze drying free method, which can achieve switchable thermal regulation and integrate passive Radiative cooling and heating into a material system to adapt to the changing environment.

Janus Aerogel can be used as a smart roof for seasonal adaptive radiation heat regulation. When the CNF layer is exposed to the external environment, the combination of the high reflectivity of the outer layer and the low infrared Emissivity of the inner layer makes passive Radiative cooling effective in summer. To cope with winter, the MXene CNF layer can be used as an outer layer, converting sunlight into considerable heat energy. The heat generated can be transferred to the internal environment through the high infrared Emissivity of the CNF layer, resulting in significant passive radiation heating.